Immune mediated polyarthritis

Case contributed by Allison L Zwingenberger
Diagnosis certain

Presentation

Presented with 1-year history of palmigrade stance.

Patient Data

Age: 5 years
Gender: Castrated male
Category: Domestic dog
Organism: Pembroke Welsh corgi

Thoracic limb

x-ray

There is moderate soft tissue opacity surrounding the carpi with carpal valgus and hyperextension.There are multiple subchondral radiolucencies in the radius, carpal bones, and the proximal metacarpal bones. There is moderate sclerosis of the proximal metacarpal bones with osteophyte formation. The limbs have a chondrodystrophic conformation.

Impression:

Erosive immune mediated polyarthritis with secondary laxity and instability of the carpal joints.

Case Discussion

The soft tissue opacity surrounding the carpi is a combination of joint effusion and synovial proliferation. This is an inflammatory disorder, and the radiolucent areas in the carpal bones reflect erosions of the cartilage and subchondral bone.

The inflammation also degrades the surrounding ligaments and results in carpal laxity with hyperextension and valgus.

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