Fracture - tibia

Case contributed by Allison L Zwingenberger
Diagnosis certain

Presentation

Presents after jumping out of a car window.

Patient Data

Age: 6 months
Gender: Male
Category: Domestic dog
Organism: Mixed breed dog

Tibia - acute

x-ray

There is a complete long oblique fracture of the right tibia with a dorsally displaced butterfly fragment. The distal fracture fragment is mildly distally and proximally displaced. There is also a short oblique fracture of the proximal fibula. Soft tissue swelling surrounds the fracture site however no gas is noted. The physes are open and appear normal in contour.

Tibia - 1 week

x-ray

In 1 week, the fracture margins are mildly rounded and smooth periosteal reaction is visible.

Tibia - 3 weeks

x-ray

After 1 month, the recheck radiographs show exuberant callus formation. The periosteal reaction is mildly irregular surrounding the tibia and fibula. The fragments are moderately well aligned.

Tibia - 6 weeks

x-ray

At 6 weeks, the fracture is nearly healed with the original butterfly fragment still visible. There is smooth bridging callus uniting the tibial and fibular fragments.

Case Discussion

This fracture had good alignment and conservative treatment was elected. The 6-week timeline illustrates how well young animals can repair fractured bone. The different stages of remodeling show how the tissue responds. In particular, the 3-week radiographs have a more aggressive appearance, and it is important to distinguish rapid healing from an aggressive process such as osteomyelitis. Note how well the tibial and fibular fragments are aligned at the end of the healing process.

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