Presentation
Presents straining to urinate for the last day.
Patient Data
On the first projection, the urinary bladder is small and partly obscured by the colon and small intestine. The flexed projection does not reveal any calculi in the urethra. On the final projection, compression is applied and multiple radiopaque calculi are present in the center of the bladder.
Multiple cystic calculi.
Case Discussion
Radiographs are an excellent screening tool for cystic calculi. Special views are used to maximize visibility of calculi. The flexed projection is used in male dogs to position the pelvic limbs cranial to the urethra. The stifles can obscure small calculi in the urethra, and the fabellae can mimic calculi. The compression view is performed with a radiolucent object, and is used to displace other organs away from the bladder and to make that region of the abdomen thinner. This maximizes the contrast of the calculi from the urine in the bladder.
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